CASPIAN JOURNAL
MANAGEMENT AND HIGH TECHNOLOGIES
MODELS, METHODS, TECHNICAL MEANS OF RISK MANAGEMENT OF DESIGN, CREATION AND OPERATION OF COMPLEX HUMAN-MACHINE SYSTEMS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PEOPLE-OPERATORS
 |
Read | Brumshteyn Yury M., Molimonov Dmitry A. MODELS, METHODS, TECHNICAL MEANS OF RISK MANAGEMENT OF DESIGN, CREATION AND OPERATION OF COMPLEX HUMAN-MACHINE SYSTEMS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PEOPLE-OPERATORS // Caspian journal : management and high technologies. — 2019. — №3. — pp. 143-162. |
Brumshteyn Yury M. - Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Astrakhan State University, brum2003@mail.ru
Molimonov Dmitry A. - student, Astrakhan State University, dmolimonov@bk.ru
The authors consider possible classifications of complex human-machine systems; features of different types of complex human-machine systems concerning their functionality, management organization, interaction with external environment. Causes and structure of risks, that are present during design, practical creation and complex human-machine systems tests conduction stages; possible methods of risk management for these stages of complex human-machine systems life cycle are analyzed. For operational stage of complex human-machine systems the authors suggest to use the models and practical methods of static and dynamic functions allocation between complex human-machine systems “hardware-software” and human-operators that take in account their psychophysiological characteristics. Causes and types of errors for actions that are automatically carried out by hardware-software means of complex human-machine systems, possible approaches to risk management of such actions are characterized. The directions of human-operators interaction with complex human-machine systems that are controlled/managed by them are studied, the structure of risks of such interaction is presented, possible measures of risk management are given. Authors are investigated approaches to information support of human-operators working in complex human-machine systems structure that take into account their psychophysiological features; possible types of human-operators control actions; typical causes and types of their errors; measures to reduce the amount of errors and negative effects values. The role of human-operators individual psychophysiological parameters in ensuring quality/reliability of complex human-machine systems operation is analyzed. The article elaborates on the issues related to human-operators psychophysiological tests; interpretation of the obtained indicators values; their use during decision making and decisions implementation. The classification is proposed for test/training equipment. This classification takes into account specificities of human-operators work as a part of complex human-machine systems. Opportunities and restrictions of human-operators professional training, based on the use of such equipment for the purpose of risk reduction of complex human-machine systems operation, are substantiated. Authors are considered also merits and demerits for different categories of test equipment use for the purposes of psychophysiological testing; opportunities and limits of its application for human-operators psychophysiological indicators training, increase in their resistance to disturbing/distracting influences.
Key words: сложные человеко-машинные системы, управление в реальном времени, риски проектирования, риски создания, риски эксплуатации, аппаратные средства, люди-операторы, информационное обеспечение решений, реализация решений, психофизиологические показатели, тести