CASPIAN JOURNAL
MANAGEMENT AND HIGH TECHNOLOGIES
Simulation models of surface water dynamics using remote sensing data: effect of terrain
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Read | Voronin Aleksandr A., Eliseeva Maria V., Pisarev Andrey V., Khoperskov Aleksandr V., Khrapov Sergey S. Simulation models of surface water dynamics using remote sensing data: effect of terrain // Caspian journal : management and high technologies. — 2012. — №3. — pp. 54-62. |
Voronin Aleksandr A. - D.Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Volgograd State University, 100 Universitetsky av., Volgograd, 400062, Russia,, voronin@volsu.ru
Eliseeva Maria V. - post-graduate student, Volgograd State University, 100 Universitetsky av., Volgograd, 400062, Russia,, kwilks@yandex.ru
Pisarev Andrey V. - Senior Lecturer, Volgograd State University, 100 Universitetsky av., Volgograd, 400062, Russia,, andrew_pisarev@mail.ru
Khoperskov Aleksandr V. - D.Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Volgograd State University, 100 Universitetsky av., Volgograd, 400062, Russia,, khoperskov@gmail.com
Khrapov Sergey S. - Ph.D. (Physics and Mathematics), Volgograd State University, 100 Universitetsky av., Volgograd, 400062, Russia,, xss-ip@gmail.com
The family of digital terrain models (DTM) of the northern part of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain is constructed to study the sensitivity of numerical model describing surface water dynamics during spring floods. Earth remote sensing data are the basis of digital terrain. We used satellite SRTM and ASTER data as a basic height matrix. DTM actualization was carried out by measuring the floodplain with the use of GIS technologies for processing spatial data. DTMs differ in the scales of terrain changes, including the systematic and random components. According to the results of numerical hydrodynamical modeling we have constructed the time dependencies of flood areas for the given hydrograph of the Volga hydroelectric dam. It includes two main phases of spring flood: in the interests of agriculture (agricultural shelf) and special water releases for fisheries (fishery shelf). In addition to the direct hydrodynamical modeling, we proposed a numerical-analytical approach, which allows to simplify the solution of optimization and hydrological regime control problems. The dependence of flooding on the structure of hydraulic system, the degree of branching shallow channels and ducts is studied. We have proposed the mechanism to increase the area of flooding of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain during the spring flood at the expence of the natural extension of the hydraulic system by artificial canals.
Key words: Computer modeling,Hydrological mode,Hydrograph,Saint-Venant equations,Digital terrain model,The Volga-Akhtuba floodplain,GIS technologies